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Ascom MSS Closed Detention Facility
Oct 15, 2021
May 30, 2022
Location
  • Ministry of State Security
Baishan Penal Facility
Aug 21, 2020
Oct 19, 2021
Location
  • Ministry of Public Security
Border Security Command
Oct 2, 2020
Jul 29, 2021
Organisation

Border Security Command is responsible for patrolling the northern border region. Guards may search and arrest individuals on the spot if there is a suspicion of their having crossed, or intending to cross, the border without authorisation. As far as cases related to religious freedom violations are concerned, these guards do not play a specialised role but have been documented as arresting and subjecting those who are caught in possession of Bibles to torture and cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment. Where there is a need for further investigation and processing of an individual after an arrest, suspects are handed over to other enforcement authorities by Border Security Command.

Chagang Provincial MPS Detention Centre
Oct 18, 2021
Oct 18, 2021
Location
  • Ministry of People's Security
Changbai Border Detention Centre
Aug 21, 2020
Oct 26, 2020
Location
  • Ministry of Public Security
41° 25′ 14″ N, 128° 11′ 21″ E
Changchun Chubei Penal Facility
Aug 21, 2020
Oct 19, 2021
Location
  • Ministry of Public Security
Chongjin City MPS Labour Training Centre
Aug 21, 2020
Oct 19, 2021
Location
  • Ministry of People's Security
Chongjin City MSS Detention Centre
Aug 21, 2020
Oct 19, 2021
Location
  • Ministry of State Security
41° 47′ 57″ N, 129° 46′ 34″ E
Chongjin City Sunam District MPS Precinct
Oct 18, 2021
May 30, 2022
Location
  • Ministry of People's Security
Chongjin City Sunam Market
Aug 21, 2020
Oct 19, 2021
Location
  • Other North Korean organisation
41° 47′ 24″ N, 129° 46′ 5″ E
Chongjin Susong Political Prison Camp (No.25)
Aug 21, 2020
May 30, 2022
Location
  • Ministry of State Security
41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
Chongori Re-education Camp (No.12)
Aug 21, 2020
Oct 19, 2021
Location
  • Ministry of People's Security
42° 12′ 35″ N, 129° 45′ 14″ E
Chonnae Re-education Camp
Aug 21, 2020
Oct 19, 2021
Location
  • Ministry of People's Security
Chungsan Re-education Camp (No.2)
Oct 18, 2021
Oct 19, 2021
Location
  • Ministry of People's Security
Dandong Border Detention Centre
Aug 21, 2020
May 30, 2022
Location
  • Ministry of Public Security
Dunhua City Public Security Bureau
Aug 21, 2020
Oct 26, 2020
Location
  • Ministry of Public Security
E1
Aug 12, 2020
Oct 25, 2021
Victim
Male
Unknown
  • Christianity
  • Contact with religious persons
  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
  • N/A
Executed
  • Ministry of People's Security
      Chongjin City Sunam Market: 41° 47′ 24″ N, 129° 46′ 5″ E
      E2
      Aug 12, 2020
      Jun 2, 2022
      Victim
      Female
      60-69
      • Christianity
      • Religious activities in China
      • Sharing religious beliefs
      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
      • N/A
      Transferred to further penal facility
      • Ministry of People's Security
      • Ministry of Public Security
          North Hamgyong Provincial MPS Holding Centre: 41° 44′ 17″ N, 129° 43′ 22″ E
          E3
          Aug 12, 2020
          Aug 11, 2021
          Perpetrator
          No
          North Korean
          Male
          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
          • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
          • Ministry of People's Security
          Private (Byongsa)
          30-39

          The perpetrator (E3) is a male aged in his 20s in 2004. He had a slim build and was 160cm tall. He wore 1 epaulet on one shoulder and 1 epaulet on the collar. Neither epaulet had a star. The perpetrator kicked E312 in the stomach and struck E312's body. He verbally abused E312 by calling her “Bitch” and used other sexually degrading verbal abuse. The perpetrator was witnessed by E312 physically and verbally assaulting other victims. Certain information is withheld for the victim’s safety.

          • E312
          North Hamgyong Provincial MPS Holding Centre: 41° 44′ 17″ N, 129° 43′ 22″ E
          E4
          Aug 12, 2020
          Oct 25, 2021
          Victim
          Male
          30-39
          • Christianity
          • Possessing religious items
          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
          • Denial of Fair Trial
          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
          • Denial of Right to Life
          • N/A
          Executed
          • Ministry of People's Security
          • E3
            Hyesan Market: 41° 23′ 56″ N, 128° 9′ 50″ E
            E5
            Aug 12, 2020
            Jun 2, 2022
            Victim
            Female
            Unknown
            • Christianity
            • Contact with religious persons
            • Religious activities in China
            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
            • N/A
            Detained
            • Ministry of State Security
                Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                E6
                Aug 12, 2020
                Jun 2, 2022
                Victim
                Female
                40-49
                • Christianity
                • Contact with religious persons
                • Possessing religious items
                • Religious activities in China
                • Sharing religious beliefs
                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                • N/A
                Unknown
                • Ministry of State Security
                    Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                    E8
                    Aug 12, 2020
                    Oct 25, 2021
                    Victim
                    Female
                    40-49
                    • Christianity
                    • Contact with religious persons
                    • Possessing religious items
                    • Sharing religious beliefs
                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                    • N/A
                    Unknown
                    • Ministry of Public Security
                    • Ministry of State Security
                        Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                        E9
                        Oct 13, 2020
                        Jun 2, 2022
                        Victim
                        Male
                        40-49
                        • Christianity
                        • Attending a place of worship
                        • Religious activities in China
                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                        • N/A
                        Unknown
                        • Ministry of State Security
                          Yes
                          • 40-59
                          6
                          E10
                          Aug 12, 2020
                          Aug 11, 2021
                          Perpetrator
                          Yes
                          North Korean
                          Male
                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                          • Forced Abortion
                          • Withheld
                          • Other North Korean organisation

                          The perpetrator (E10) is a named male doctor who induced an abortion of E348 in Kyongwon County Hospital at a named date in 2008. Certain information is withheld for the safety of the victim’s family.

                          • E348
                          Kyongwon County Hospital: 42° 48′ 32″ N, 130° 11′ 60″ E
                          E11
                          Aug 12, 2020
                          Jun 2, 2022
                          Victim
                          Male
                          50-59
                          • Christianity
                          • Attending a place of worship
                          • Religious practice
                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                          • N/A
                          Executed
                          • Ministry of People's Security
                              Chongori Re-education Camp (No.12): 42° 12′ 35″ N, 129° 45′ 14″ E
                              E12
                              Aug 25, 2020
                              Jun 2, 2022
                              Victim
                              Male
                              Unknown
                              • Christianity
                              • Religious activities in China
                              • Religious practice
                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                              • N/A
                              Unknown
                              • Ministry of State Security
                                  North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                  E13
                                  Aug 25, 2020
                                  Jun 2, 2022
                                  Victim
                                  Female
                                  30-39
                                  • Christianity
                                  • Religious practice
                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                  • N/A
                                  Unknown
                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                      E14
                                      Aug 25, 2020
                                      Jun 2, 2022
                                      Victim
                                      Male
                                      40-49
                                      • Christianity
                                      • Possessing religious items
                                      • Sharing religious beliefs
                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                      • N/A
                                      Unknown
                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                          Hyesan City MSS Detention Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                          Ryanggang Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 41″ N, 128° 11′ 5″ E
                                          E15
                                          Aug 25, 2020
                                          Aug 11, 2021
                                          Perpetrator
                                          Yes
                                          North Korean
                                          Male
                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                          • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                          • Other North Korean organisation
                                          50-59

                                          The perpetrator (E15) is a named male aged in his 50s in 2007. He was a ranking official at Ryanggang Provincial Prosecution Bureau and has since been promoted to a known rank in a known location. The perpetrator oversaw the interrogation of suspects suspected of shamanism and perpetrated violations against E448. The perpetrator conducted interrogations of E448 alone in a room between 01:00-02:00 for 15 days. When E448 denied an allegation, the perpetrator physically struck the victim and yanked their hair. Certain information is withheld for the safety of the victim’s family.

                                            Ryanggang Provincial Prosecution Office: 41° 23′ 56″ N, 128° 10′ 33″ E
                                            E16
                                            Aug 25, 2020
                                            May 30, 2022
                                            Perpetrator
                                            Yes
                                            North Korean
                                            Male
                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                            • Sexual Violence Including Rape
                                            • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                            • Withheld
                                            • Ministry of People's Security
                                            Captain (Taewi)
                                            40-49

                                            The perpetrator (E16) is a named male aged in his 40s in 2007. The perpetrator undertook sexual assault. The perpetrator was a ranking official at Ryanggang Provincial MPS detention centre. Certain information is withheld for the safety of the victim’s family.

                                              Ryanggang Provincial MPS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 45″ N, 128° 10′ 48″ E
                                              E17
                                              Aug 25, 2020
                                              Oct 25, 2021
                                              Victim
                                              Female
                                              Unknown
                                              • Christianity
                                              • Other
                                              • Religious activities in China
                                              • Sharing religious beliefs
                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                              • N/A
                                              Unknown
                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                  Ryanggang Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                                  E18
                                                  Oct 13, 2020
                                                  Oct 25, 2021
                                                  Victim
                                                  Male
                                                  0-10
                                                  • Christianity
                                                  • Religious practice
                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                  • N/A
                                                  Unknown
                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                    Yes
                                                    • Unknown
                                                    6
                                                    E19
                                                    Aug 25, 2020
                                                    Oct 25, 2021
                                                    Victim
                                                    Female
                                                    Unknown
                                                    • Shamanism
                                                    • Religious practice
                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                    • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                    • Forced abortion
                                                    Released from all facilities
                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                        E20
                                                        Aug 25, 2020
                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                        Victim
                                                        Female
                                                        11-19
                                                        • Shamanism
                                                        • Religious practice
                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                        • N/A
                                                        Unknown
                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                            Meeting Hall of the General Federation of Trade Unions of Korea: 39° 1′ 23″ N, 125° 46′ 41″ E
                                                            E22
                                                            Aug 25, 2020
                                                            Oct 25, 2021
                                                            Victim
                                                            Female
                                                            Unknown
                                                            • Christianity
                                                            • Other
                                                            • Unidentified religious activities
                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                            • N/A
                                                            Detained
                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                E23
                                                                Aug 25, 2020
                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                Victim
                                                                Withheld
                                                                Unknown
                                                                • Christianity
                                                                • Possessing religious items
                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                • N/A
                                                                Unknown
                                                                • Border Security Command
                                                                • E25
                                                                  E25
                                                                  Aug 26, 2020
                                                                  Oct 25, 2021
                                                                  Perpetrator
                                                                  Yes
                                                                  North Korean
                                                                  Male
                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                  • Border Security Command
                                                                  Unknown

                                                                  The perpetrator (E25) was a male. The perpetrator was a ranking official at Border Security Command and arrested E455. Certain information is withheld for the safety of the victim’s family.

                                                                  • E23
                                                                  E26
                                                                  Aug 26, 2020
                                                                  Jul 15, 2021
                                                                  Victim
                                                                  Female
                                                                  40-49
                                                                  • Shamanism
                                                                  • Religious practice
                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                  • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                  • Beating with fists or feet
                                                                  Unknown
                                                                  • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                  • E27
                                                                    Hyesan City MPS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 44″ N, 128° 9′ 52″ E
                                                                    E27
                                                                    Aug 26, 2020
                                                                    May 30, 2022
                                                                    Perpetrator
                                                                    Yes
                                                                    North Korean
                                                                    Male
                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                    • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                    Unknown

                                                                    The perpetrator (E27) is a named male. The perpetrator physically assaulted E26 at Hyesan City MPS detention centre in 2009. Certain information is withheld for the safety of the victim’s family.

                                                                    • E26
                                                                    Hyesan City MPS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 44″ N, 128° 9′ 52″ E
                                                                    E28
                                                                    Aug 26, 2020
                                                                    Oct 25, 2021
                                                                    Victim
                                                                    Male
                                                                    Unknown
                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                    • Possessing religious items
                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                    • N/A
                                                                    Unknown
                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                        E29
                                                                        Aug 26, 2020
                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                        Victim
                                                                        Male
                                                                        11-19
                                                                        • Christianity
                                                                        • Possessing religious items
                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                        • N/A
                                                                        Unknown
                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                            E30
                                                                            Aug 26, 2020
                                                                            Oct 25, 2021
                                                                            Victim
                                                                            Female
                                                                            Unknown
                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                            • Possessing religious items
                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                            • N/A
                                                                            Unknown
                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                E31
                                                                                Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                Victim
                                                                                Female
                                                                                60-69
                                                                                • Shamanism
                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                Released from all facilities
                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                  Yes
                                                                                    2
                                                                                    E32
                                                                                    Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                    Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                    Female
                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                    • Shamanism
                                                                                    • Possessing religious items
                                                                                    • Religious practice
                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                    Released from all facilities
                                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                        E33
                                                                                        Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                        Perpetrator
                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                        North Korean
                                                                                        Male
                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                        • Withheld
                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                        Unknown

                                                                                        The perpetrator (E33) is a named male. The perpetrator was a named MSS rank and conducted interrogations of persons suspected of religious practice at a named facility. Certain information is withheld for the safety of the victim’s family.

                                                                                        • E32
                                                                                        E34
                                                                                        Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                        Perpetrator
                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                        North Korean
                                                                                        Male
                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                        • Withheld
                                                                                        • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                        Unknown

                                                                                        The perpetrator (E34) is a named male. The perpetrator was a named MPS rank and conducted interrogations of persons suspected of religious practice at a named facility. Certain information is withheld for the safety of the victim’s family.

                                                                                        • E32
                                                                                        E35
                                                                                        Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                        Female
                                                                                        20-29
                                                                                        • Shamanism
                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                        • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                        • Beating with fists or feet
                                                                                        Unknown
                                                                                        • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                            E36
                                                                                            Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                            Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                            Male
                                                                                            50-59
                                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                                            • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                            • Other
                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                            Detained
                                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                Kimjongsuk (Sinpa) County MSS Office: 41° 24′ 55″ N, 127° 46′ 37″ E
                                                                                                E37
                                                                                                Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                Female
                                                                                                30-39
                                                                                                • Christianity
                                                                                                • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                Released from all facilities
                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                    E38
                                                                                                    Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                                    Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                    Male
                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                    • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                    • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                    Death in custody
                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                        E39
                                                                                                        Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                        Male
                                                                                                        40-49
                                                                                                        • Christianity
                                                                                                        • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                        Unknown
                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                            E42
                                                                                                            Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                            Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                            Female
                                                                                                            50-59
                                                                                                            • Shamanism
                                                                                                            • Religious practice
                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                            Released from all facilities
                                                                                                            • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                Samjiyon County MPS Detention Centre: 41° 48′ 21″ N, 128° 19′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                E43
                                                                                                                Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                Female
                                                                                                                50-59
                                                                                                                • Christianity
                                                                                                                • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                    Ryanggang Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                    E44
                                                                                                                    Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                    Jul 15, 2021
                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                    • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                    • Religious practice
                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                    • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                    • Beating with fists or feet
                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                        Ryanggang Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                        E45
                                                                                                                        Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                        Male
                                                                                                                        40-49
                                                                                                                        • Christianity
                                                                                                                        • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                        Executed
                                                                                                                        • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                            Samjiyon County Hospital: 41° 48′ 40″ N, 128° 19′ 1″ E
                                                                                                                            E46
                                                                                                                            Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                            Jul 15, 2021
                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                            Female
                                                                                                                            30-39
                                                                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                                                                            • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                            • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                            • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                            • Deprivation of medical assistance
                                                                                                                            Death in custody
                                                                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                Chongjin Susong Political Prison Camp (No.25): 41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                E47
                                                                                                                                Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                Unknown
                                                                                                                                • Christianity
                                                                                                                                • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                • Denial of Right to Life
                                                                                                                                • Refoulement
                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                Executed
                                                                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                    E48
                                                                                                                                    Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                    Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                                    • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                    • Sharing religious beliefs
                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                    Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                        Ryanggang Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                        E50
                                                                                                                                        Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                        Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                        Male
                                                                                                                                        30-39
                                                                                                                                        • Christianity
                                                                                                                                        • Arrest based on informant
                                                                                                                                        • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                        • Sharing religious beliefs
                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                        Death in custody
                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                            North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                            E51
                                                                                                                                            Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                            Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                            Female
                                                                                                                                            60-69
                                                                                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                                                                                            • Arrest based on informant
                                                                                                                                            • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                                                            Deceased
                                                                                                                                            • Military Security Command
                                                                                                                                                E53
                                                                                                                                                Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                Female
                                                                                                                                                Unknown
                                                                                                                                                • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                    E54
                                                                                                                                                    Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                    Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                    • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                        E55
                                                                                                                                                        Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                        Female
                                                                                                                                                        20-29
                                                                                                                                                        • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                        • Arrest based on informant
                                                                                                                                                        • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                        Unknown
                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                            E56
                                                                                                                                                            Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                            Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                            Female
                                                                                                                                                            60-69
                                                                                                                                                            • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                            • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                            • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                            • Prolonged restraint
                                                                                                                                                            Unknown
                                                                                                                                                            • Korean People's Army
                                                                                                                                                                E57
                                                                                                                                                                Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                50-59
                                                                                                                                                                • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                • Arrest based on informant
                                                                                                                                                                • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                Detained
                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                • E58
                                                                                                                                                                  Ryanggang Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                  E58
                                                                                                                                                                  Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                  Aug 11, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                  Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                  Yes
                                                                                                                                                                  North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                  Male
                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                  • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                  Unknown

                                                                                                                                                                  The perpetrator (E58) is a named male. The perpetrator was an MSS Guidance Officer at Ryanggang Provincial MSS holding centre. A known family member of the perpetrator was a Political Director in Taehongdan County, Ryanggang province. The perpetrator oversaw torture of prisoners. Certain information is withheld for the safety of the victim’s family.

                                                                                                                                                                  • E56
                                                                                                                                                                  Ryanggang Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                  E59
                                                                                                                                                                  Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                  Male
                                                                                                                                                                  40-49
                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                  • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                  Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                      Ryanggang Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                      E60
                                                                                                                                                                      Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                      Aug 11, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                      Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                      No
                                                                                                                                                                      North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                      Male
                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                      • Refoulement
                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                      Unknown

                                                                                                                                                                      The perpetrator (E60) was an MSS official at Onsong County MSS pre-trial detention centre. The perpetrator oversaw the interrogation of E353 in 2018 relating to their religious associations in China.

                                                                                                                                                                      • E353
                                                                                                                                                                      Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                      E61
                                                                                                                                                                      Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                      Jun 9, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                      Female
                                                                                                                                                                      Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                      • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                      Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                          Hyesan City Chun-dong MPS Labour Training Centre: 41° 22′ 55″ N, 128° 10′ 24″ E
                                                                                                                                                                          Hyesan City MPS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 44″ N, 128° 9′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                          E63
                                                                                                                                                                          Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                          Aug 11, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                          Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                          No
                                                                                                                                                                          North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                          Male
                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                          Colonel (Sangjwa)
                                                                                                                                                                          Unknown

                                                                                                                                                                          Certain details are withheld.

                                                                                                                                                                            E64
                                                                                                                                                                            Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                            Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                            Male
                                                                                                                                                                            Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                            • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                            Detained
                                                                                                                                                                            • Korean People's Army
                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                E65
                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                60-69
                                                                                                                                                                                • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                    E66
                                                                                                                                                                                    Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                    Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                                                                    50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                    Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                        E67
                                                                                                                                                                                        Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                        Female
                                                                                                                                                                                        50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                        Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                            E68
                                                                                                                                                                                            Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                            Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                            Female
                                                                                                                                                                                            50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                            Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                E69
                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                    E70
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                    50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                        E71
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                        May 30, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                        No
                                                                                                                                                                                                        North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown

                                                                                                                                                                                                        The perpetrator (E71) is a male MPS Deputy Branch Director in Hyesan City in 2019. The perpetrator conducted the resident exposure meeting in Hyesan Square of E65, E66, E67, E68, E69, and E70 and announced their charges. Details are withheld for the victim’s safety.

                                                                                                                                                                                                        • E65
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • E66
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • E67
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • E68
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • E69
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • E70
                                                                                                                                                                                                        E73
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                        No
                                                                                                                                                                                                        North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Korean People's Army
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown

                                                                                                                                                                                                        The perpetrator (E73) is a male. The perpetrator was an MSS official assigned to a KPA unit in Ryanggang province and later to a named position in Wonsan, Kangwon province. The perpetrator arrested 37 religious adherents.

                                                                                                                                                                                                          E74
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chongjin City MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 57″ N, 129° 46′ 34″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                              E75
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                              May 30, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                              No
                                                                                                                                                                                                              North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Major (Sojwa)
                                                                                                                                                                                                              30-39

                                                                                                                                                                                                              The perpetrator (E75) is a male aged in his 30s in 2015. The perpetrator is an MSS official with the rank of Major. The perpetrator conducted interrogations of suspected Christians at Chongjin City MSS detention centre in 2015.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chongjin City MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 57″ N, 129° 46′ 34″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                E76
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                30-39
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Refoulement
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    12
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Musan County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 13′ 52″ N, 129° 12′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E77
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    60-69
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Right to Life
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Deprivation of food
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Deprivation of medical assistance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Death in custody
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Musan County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 13′ 52″ N, 129° 12′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E78
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Aug 11, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        No
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Refoulement
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        The perpetrator (E78) was a male and a Section Chief assigned to Musan County MSS Counterespionage Bureau. The perpetrator conducted the interrogations of E76 and E77.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • E76
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • E77
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Musan County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 13′ 52″ N, 129° 12′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E79
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Jun 9, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Musan County MPS Detention Centre: 42° 13′ 48″ N, 129° 13′ 8″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E80
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            30-39
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Refoulement
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Deprivation of food
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Death in custody
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Changchun Chubei Penal Facility: 41° 23′ 41″ N, 128° 11′ 5″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E81
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 11, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Refoulement
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Major (Sojwa)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                40-49

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The perpetrator (E81) is a named male in his 40s in 2010 and is 175cm tall. The perpetrator interrogated E80 and was stationed at a known facility and promoted to a known position at a known and different facility in Kimjongsuk County. Certain information is withheld for the victim’s safety.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • E80
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Kimjongsuk (Sinpa) County MSS Office: 41° 24′ 55″ N, 127° 46′ 37″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E82
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 11, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Major (Sojwa)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Unknown

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The perpetrator (E82) is a named male. The perpetrator interrogated E80 and was stationed at a known facility. Certain information is withheld for the victim’s safety.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • E80
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Kimjongsuk (Sinpa) County MSS Office: 41° 24′ 55″ N, 127° 46′ 37″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E83
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                May 30, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Lieutenant Colonel (Jungjwa)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                60-69

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The perpetrator (E83) is a named male aged in his 60s in 2012 and 170cm in height. The perpetrator was a Director at Kimjongsuk County MSS Branch with a rank of Lieutenant Colonel. The perpetrator oversaw the interrogation of E354 and E80. Certain information is withheld for the victim’s safety.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • E354
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • E80
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Kimjongsuk (Sinpa) County MSS Office: 41° 24′ 55″ N, 127° 46′ 37″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E84
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                May 30, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                50-59

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The perpetrator (E84) is a named male aged in his 50s in 2013. The perpetrator was a Director at Kimjongsuk County MSS Branch. Certain information is withheld for the victim’s safety.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • E354
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • E80
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Kimjongsuk (Sinpa) County MSS Office: 41° 24′ 55″ N, 127° 46′ 37″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E85
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                20-29
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ryanggang Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E86
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    May 30, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Lieutenant Colonel (Jungjwa)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Unknown

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    The perpetrator (E86) is a named male of 184cm in height. The perpetrator held the rank of Lieutenant Colonel at Ryanggang Provincial MSS detention centre in 2011. Certain information is withheld for the victim’s safety.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • E354
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ryanggang Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 41″ N, 128° 11′ 5″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E87
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Death in custody
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Samjiyon County MPS Detention Centre: 41° 48′ 21″ N, 128° 19′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E88
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Samjiyon County MPS Detention Centre: 41° 48′ 21″ N, 128° 19′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E89
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Korean People's Army
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E90
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E91
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    11-19
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E92
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Jun 9, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Hyesan City Chun-dong MPS Labour Training Centre: 41° 22′ 55″ N, 128° 10′ 24″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E93
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Right to Life
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Executed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Hyesan Airfield: 41° 22′ 41″ N, 128° 12′ 19″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E94
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Right to Life
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Executed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Hyesan Airfield: 41° 22′ 41″ N, 128° 12′ 19″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E95
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Right to Life
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Executed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Hyesan Airfield: 41° 22′ 41″ N, 128° 12′ 19″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E96
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        20-29
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Hyesan City MPS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 44″ N, 128° 9′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E97
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            30-39
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E98
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                30-39
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Deprivation of medical assistance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E99
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Beating with fists or feet
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Beating with object
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Deprivation of medical assistance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Forced genital examination
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ingestion of polluted food
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Open bathrooms
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Verbal abuse
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • E214
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      North Pyongan Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 40° 4′ 41″ N, 124° 26′ 25″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Kyongsong County MPS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E100
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Jun 9, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Toksong County Culture Centre: 40° 18′ 57″ N, 128° 16′ 13″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Toksong County Labour Training Centre: 40° 17′ 6″ N, 128° 14′ 44″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E101
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Hyesan City MPS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 44″ N, 128° 9′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E102
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              No
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Korean People's Army
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Unknown

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              The perpetrator (E102) was a male in a KPA unit in Sariwon, North Hwanghae province. The perpetrator discovered a bible on a victim in 1998. The perpetrator received a reward. The perpetrator later escaped to South Korea, but returned to North Korea and now lives in a known location. Certain information is withheld for the safety of the victim’s family.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E103
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                30-39
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Sharing religious beliefs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Dandong Border Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E104
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    20-29
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Sharing religious beliefs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Executed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E105
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        20-29
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E106
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Sharing religious beliefs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E107
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                20-29
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E108
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    20-29
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E109
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        20-29
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Death in custody
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E110
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            20-29
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Death in custody
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E111
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Sharing religious beliefs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E112
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    30-39
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Sharing religious beliefs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E113
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E114
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Changchun Chubei Penal Facility: 41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E115
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Chongori Re-education Camp (No.12): 42° 12′ 35″ N, 129° 45′ 14″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E116
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Chongori Re-education Camp (No.12): 42° 12′ 35″ N, 129° 45′ 14″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E117
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Sharing religious beliefs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E118
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Sharing religious beliefs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E119
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Sharing religious beliefs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Unidentified religious activities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E120
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    May 30, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Captain (Taewi)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    30-39

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    The perpetrator (E120) is a named male in his 30s in 2010 of 170cm in height. The perpetrator was an MPS Captain stationed at Chongori re-education camp No.12. The perpetrator oversaw Group 3 of prisoners which consisted of 1500 female prisoners. The perpetrator often wore sunglasses. The perpetrator was described as “brutal” by E357. Certain information is withheld for the victim’s safety.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • E357
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Chongori Re-education Camp (No.12): 42° 12′ 35″ N, 129° 45′ 14″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E121
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    30-39
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        North Pyongan Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 40° 4′ 41″ N, 124° 26′ 25″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E122
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Aug 11, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        No
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Junior Lieutenant (Sowi)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        20-29

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        The perpetrator (E122) is a male aged in his 20s in 2018 and 168cm in height. The perpetrator was an MSS Junior Lieutenant stationed at North Pyongan Provincial MSS holding centre. Certain information is withheld for the safety of the victim’s family.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          North Pyongan Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 40° 4′ 41″ N, 124° 26′ 25″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E123
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          60-69
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E124
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Jul 15, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Deprivation of food
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Ryanggang Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E125
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Other religion or belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Ryanggang Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E127
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Aug 11, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Lieutenant Colonel (Jungjwa)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Unknown

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      The perpetrator (E127) is a named male of 162cm in height. The perpetrator was stationed at Ryanggang Provincial MSS holding centre and had a rank denoted by 2 stripes and 2 stars. The perpetrator interrogated E446 on their associations with religion. Certain information is withheld for the victim’s safety.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Ryanggang Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E128
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Sharing religious beliefs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Workers' Party of Korea
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Ryanggang Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E129
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Other religion or belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Unidentified religious activities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Right to Life
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Executed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Hyesan Airfield: 41° 22′ 41″ N, 128° 12′ 19″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E130
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Jun 9, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E131
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Sharing religious beliefs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Executed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Border Security Command
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E132
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E133
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Workers' Party of Korea
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E134
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                60-69
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E135
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    May 30, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Other
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Unknown

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    The perpetrator (E135) is a named male. The perpetrator was a correctional officer at Musan County MSS detention centre in 2005 and the son of an MSS Branch Director in Musan County in 2005. The perpetrator physically assaulted and broke each of the fingers of a victim who practised physiognomy. The perpetrator later became a prosecutor in Musan County. Certain information is withheld for the safety of the victim’s family.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Musan County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 13′ 52″ N, 129° 12′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E136
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Musan County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 13′ 52″ N, 129° 12′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E137
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          30-39
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Ryanggang Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 41″ N, 128° 11′ 5″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chongjin City MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 57″ N, 129° 46′ 34″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E138
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Sep 11, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Hyesan City MPS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 44″ N, 128° 9′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E139
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  30-39
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arrest based on informant
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Ryanggang Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E140
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E141
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          11-19
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E142
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              May 30, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              50-59

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              The perpetrator (E142) is a named male in his 50s. The perpetrator was a Guidance Officer in the Counterespionage Bureau of Pochon County MSS Branch. The perpetrator interrogated E447 on their religious associations and shackled E447 hands to a hot water pipe attached to a radiator in the investigation room of Pochon County MSS Office. The perpetrator physically struck the victim with a wooden club. Certain information is withheld for the safety of the victim’s family.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Pochon County MSS Office: 41° 31′ 37″ N, 128° 18′ 38″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E143
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E144
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E145
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Ryanggang Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 41″ N, 128° 11′ 5″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E146
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                North Pyongan Provincial Grand Theatre Square: 40° 5′ 55″ N, 124° 23′ 30″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E147
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    North Pyongan Provincial Grand Theatre Square: 40° 5′ 55″ N, 124° 23′ 30″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E148
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E149
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        60-69
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Other North Korean organisation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Sinuiju City MPS Office: 40° 6′ 7″ N, 124° 23′ 40″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E150
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            30-39
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E151
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E152
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Oct 26, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    20-29
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        North Pyongan Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 40° 4′ 41″ N, 124° 26′ 25″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E153
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        May 30, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        No
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Major (Sojwa)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        60-69

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        The perpetrator (E153) is a male aged in his 60s in 2002. The perpetrator was short in stature and had a heavy build. The perpetrator was an MSS Major at North Pyongan Provincial MSS detention centre and oversaw interrogations. Certain information is withheld for the victim’s safety.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E154
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Sinuiju City MPS Office: 40° 6′ 7″ N, 124° 23′ 40″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E155
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Sep 8, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E212
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  30-39
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Executed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E213
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      20-29
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Beating with fists or feet
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Forced genital examination
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Open bathrooms
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Prolonged restraint
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Verbal abuse
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Longjing Border Detention Centre: 41° 44′ 17″ N, 129° 43′ 22″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          North Hamgyong Provincial MPS Holding Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 26′ 16″ N, 129° 45′ 19″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Hoeryong City MSS Detention Centre: 41° 46′ 5″ N, 129° 44′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E214
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          May 30, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          40-49

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          The perpetrator (E214) is a named male in his 40s in 2010 and 165cm in height. The perpetrator was an MSS Guidance Officer at North Pyongan provincial MSS detention centre. The perpetrator physically assaulted and attempted to force a confession of guilt from E99.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • E99
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E218
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          30-39
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E219
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Sharing religious beliefs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E220
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Sharing religious beliefs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E221
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      80-89
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 0-19
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 20-39
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 40-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 80-99
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E223
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Hyesan City MSS Detention Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E226
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Other North Korean organisation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            50-59

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            The perpetrator (E226) is a named female aged in her 50s in 2011. The perpetrator is an attorney and disregarded due process and national law to argue that E439 be imprisoned for religious crimes.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • E439
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E228
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Jun 9, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            60-69
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Beating with object
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • E229
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Hyesan City MPS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 44″ N, 128° 9′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Hyesan City Yonpung-dong MPS Precinct: 41° 25′ 43″ N, 128° 12′ 47″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Hyesan City Chun-dong MPS Labour Training Centre: 41° 22′ 55″ N, 128° 10′ 24″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E229
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Aug 11, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Unknown

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              The perpetrator (E229) is a named male MPS Guidance Officer. The perpetrator was stationed at Yonpungdong MPS precinct in 2010. The perpetrator assaulted E228 and arrested E443 for shamanistic acts. Certain information is withheld for the safety of the victim’s family.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • E228
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • E443
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Hyesan City Yonpung-dong MPS Precinct: 41° 25′ 43″ N, 128° 12′ 47″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E231
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              May 30, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              No
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Other
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Unknown

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              The perpetrator (E231) is a male. The perpetrator was a Section Chief in the MSS Counterespionage Bureau at Hoeryong City MSS detention centre in 2003. The perpetrator tortured E441 in a steel cage. Certain information is withheld for the victim’s safety.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • E441
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Hoeryong City MSS Detention Centre: 42° 26′ 16″ N, 129° 45′ 19″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E233
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              30-39
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Sharing religious beliefs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Beating with fists or feet
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Musan County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 13′ 52″ N, 129° 12′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Chongori Re-education Camp (No.12): 42° 12′ 35″ N, 129° 45′ 14″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E234
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Jun 9, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  60-69
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Hyesan City MPS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 44″ N, 128° 9′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Ryanggang Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 41″ N, 128° 11′ 5″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Hyesan City Chun-dong MPS Labour Training Centre: 41° 22′ 55″ N, 128° 10′ 24″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E235
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      20-29
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Right to Life
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Executed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E237
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E238
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              20-29
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Verbal abuse
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • E239
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chongjin Susong Political Prison Camp (No.25): 41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E239
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 11, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Junior Lieutenant (Sowi)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                40-49

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The perpetrator (E239) is a named male aged in his 40s in 2009 and 168-170cm in height. The perpetrator was a Junior Lieutenant at North Hamgyong Provincial MSS holding centre between at least 2009-2012 and was in Group 1 of correctional officers. The perpetrator verbally abused and physically assaulted E239. Certain information is withheld for the safety of the victim’s family.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • E238
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 41° 46′ 5″ N, 129° 44′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E240
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 11, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Lieutenant (Jungwi)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                40-49

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The perpetrator (E240) is a named male in his 40s. He was an MSS correctional officer with the rank of Lieutenant at North Hamgyong Provincial MSS holding centre between 2009-2012. The perpetrator committed physical assault. Certain information is withheld for the victim’s safety.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 41° 46′ 5″ N, 129° 44′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E241
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 41° 46′ 5″ N, 129° 44′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E242
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      20-29
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Executed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Musan Market: 42° 13′ 42″ N, 129° 13′ 25″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E244
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Beating with fists or feet
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Pukchong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 35″ N, 129° 59′ 11″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Onsong County MPS Detention Centre: 42° 59′ 7″ N, 129° 50′ 22″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E245
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Sharing religious beliefs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Ryanggang Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E246
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  11-19
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Pukchong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 59′ 7″ N, 129° 50′ 22″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Tumen Border Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 35″ N, 129° 59′ 11″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E250
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Right to Life
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Executed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Border Security Command
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Hyesan Airfield: 41° 22′ 41″ N, 128° 12′ 19″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E251
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          30-39
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Right to Life
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Executed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Hyesan Airfield: 41° 22′ 41″ N, 128° 12′ 19″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E252
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Deprivation of food
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • E253
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Kaechon Re-education Camp (No.1): 39° 42′ 30″ N, 125° 55′ 27″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E253
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 11, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Captain (Taewi)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                40-49

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The perpetrator (E253) is a named correctional officer with the rank of Captain. Certain information is withheld for the victim’s safety.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • E252
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Kaechon Re-education Camp (No.1): 39° 42′ 30″ N, 125° 55′ 27″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E257
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Refoulement
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                40-49

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The perpetrator (E257) was a named female in her 40s in 2016. The perpetrator was a civilian and an MSS informant assigned to an ethnic-Korean church in Shenyang, China. The perpetrator reported E437 to MSS officials for attending church and residing in China. The perpetrator was later arrested and refouled and now resides in a known dwelling in a known location in North Korea.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • E437
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E258
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                May 30, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Captain (Taewi)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                30-39

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The perpetrator (E258) is a named male in his 30s in 2016 and 172cm in height. The perpetrator was stationed at Ryanggang Provincial MSS detention centre in 2016 as a Guidance Officer in the Pre-trial Examination section with the rank of Captain. By 2019, the perpetrator had advanced to General Guidance Officer. The perpetrator interrogated E437 on their religious associations.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • E437
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Ryanggang Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 41″ N, 128° 11′ 5″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E259
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                May 30, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                No
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                50-59

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The perpetrator (E259) is a male in his 50s in 2015. The perpetrator was an MSS Director in Sinpa County in 2015 and had their office at Sinpa County MSS detention centre. The perpetrator interrogated E437 in October 2015 about the victim’s religious affiliations and verbally abused the victim.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • E437
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E260
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                May 30, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                No
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Abduction in Foreign Territory
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Other Chinese organisation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                40-49

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The perpetrator (E260) is a female in her 40s in 2015. The perpetrator is a North Korean civilian. The perpetrator assisted the abduction of E437 in Shenyang and speaks fluent Mandarin. During the abduction of E437, the perpetrator informed MSS officials stationed in Sinpa County MSS detention centre of the location of the victim by phone.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • E437
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E261
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                No
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chinese
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Abduction in Foreign Territory
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Other Chinese organisation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                30-39

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The perpetrator (E261) is a male in his 30s in 2015. The perpetrator is a Chinese civilian. The perpetrator abducted E437 in Shenyang and physically escorted the victim to a waiting car. The perpetrator delivered the victim to MSS officials close to the Amnok River.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • E437
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E262
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                No
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chinese
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Abduction in Foreign Territory
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Other Chinese organisation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                30-39

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The perpetrator (E262) is a male in his 30s in 2015. The perpetrator is a Chinese civilian. The perpetrator abducted E437 in Shenyang and physically escorted the victim to a waiting car. The perpetrator delivered the victim to MSS officials close to the Amnok River.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • E437
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E263
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                No
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chinese
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Abduction in Foreign Territory
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Other Chinese organisation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                30-39

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The perpetrator (E263) is a male in his 30s in 2015. The perpetrator is a Chinese civilian. The perpetrator abducted E437 in Shenyang and physically escorted the victim to a waiting car and drove the victim to MSS officials. The perpetrator delivered the victim to MSS officials close to the Amnok River.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • E437
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E264
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                No
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chinese
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Abduction in Foreign Territory
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Other Chinese organisation

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The perpetrator (E264) is a male. The perpetrator is a Chinese civilian. The perpetrator flagged down the car that transported E437 from Shenyang to a location on the Amnok River where MSS officers had crossed into Chinese territory and were waiting for E437 to be delivered.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • E437
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E269
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Deprivation of medical assistance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Death in custody
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Kaechon Re-education Camp (No.1): 39° 42′ 30″ N, 125° 55′ 27″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E270
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    May 30, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Lieutenant Colonel (Jungjwa)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    70-79

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    The perpetrator (E270) is a named male in his 70s in 2008. The perpetrator was a Lieutenant Colonel in the Hyesan City MPS Counterespionage Bureau and stationed at Hyesan City MPS detention centre in 2008. The perpetrator undertook interrogations on the religious associations of prisoners. Certain information is withheld for the safety of the victim’s family.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • E434
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Hyesan City MPS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 44″ N, 128° 9′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E271
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    May 30, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Major (Sojwa)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    60-69

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    The perpetrator (E271) is a named male in his 60s in 2006. The perpetrator interrogated and physically assaulted and tortured E434. The perpetrator was in the Preliminary Examination Section and is now a Secretary/preliminary examiner at the Hyesan City MPS detention centre. His rank is now Major. The perpetrator attempted to force E434 to place their inked fingerprint on a statement admitting that the victim had attended church in China. Certain information is withheld for the victim’s safety.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • E434
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Hyesan City MPS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 44″ N, 128° 9′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E272
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Aug 11, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Captain (Taewi)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    60-69

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    The perpetrator (E272) is a named male in his 60s. The perpetrator oversaw and was involved in the interrogation and torture of E434. The perpetrator directly physically assaulted and shackled the victim. The perpetrator later transferred E434 to Kaechon re-education camp by train. Certain information is withheld per a witness/victim/family request.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • E434
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Hyesan City MPS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 44″ N, 128° 9′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E273
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Aug 11, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Refoulement
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Other North Korean organisation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Other
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    50-59

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    The perpetrator (E273) is a named female aged in her 50s in 2001. The perpetrator was a Secretary at North Hamgyong Railroad Construction General Bureau.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • E436
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    North Hamgyong Railroad Construction General Bureau: 41° 47′ 38″ N, 129° 47′ 24″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E274
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    11-19
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Positional torture
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Tumen Border Detention Centre: 42° 59′ 7″ N, 129° 50′ 22″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E275
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E277
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Aug 11, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            No
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Refoulement
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Other North Korean organisation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            70-79

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            The perpetrator (E277) is a male in his 70s in 2001 and is 160cm in height. The perpetrator was an MSS Guidance Officer at the North Hamgyong Railroad Construction General Bureau in 2001. The perpetrator interrogated E436 and used a bible during the interrogation. Certain information is withheld for the safety of the victim’s family.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • E436
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            North Hamgyong Railroad Construction General Bureau: 41° 47′ 38″ N, 129° 47′ 24″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E279
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            11-19
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chongjin Susong Political Prison Camp (No.25): 41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E280
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 0-19
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 40-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  5
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Hoeryong City MSS Detention Centre: 42° 26′ 16″ N, 129° 45′ 19″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E281
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Hoeryong City MPS Detention Centre: 42° 26′ 16″ N, 129° 45′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Hoeryong City MSS Detention Centre: 42° 26′ 16″ N, 129° 45′ 19″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E282
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arrest based on informant
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Tumen Border Detention Centre: 42° 59′ 7″ N, 129° 50′ 22″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E283
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arrest based on informant
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Tumen Border Detention Centre: 42° 59′ 7″ N, 129° 50′ 22″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E285
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Jun 9, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              60-69
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Unidentified religious activities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Transferred to further penal facility
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Musan County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 13′ 52″ N, 129° 12′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E289
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Unidentified religious activities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Pochon County MPS Office: 41° 31′ 39″ N, 128° 18′ 40″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E290
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Unidentified religious activities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Pochon County MPS Office: 41° 31′ 39″ N, 128° 18′ 40″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E291
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Unidentified religious activities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Pochon County MPS Office: 41° 31′ 39″ N, 128° 18′ 40″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E292
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              50-59

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              The perpetrator (E292) is a named male in his 50s in 2010 and 160cm in height. The perpetrator was the handler for E309 and collected information on citizens who adhered to shamanism.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • E309
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E293
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              30-39
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Executed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Hyesan Airfield: 41° 22′ 41″ N, 128° 12′ 19″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E294
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  May 30, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Major (Sojwa)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  50-59

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  The perpetrator (E294) is a named male in his 50s in 2010 and 160cm in height. The perpetrator was an MPS officer with the rank of Major in the Yonhungdong MPD precinct, Hyesan, Ryanggang province. The perpetrator lived in a known residence.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E295
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Unidentified religious activities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Pochon County MPS Office: 41° 31′ 39″ N, 128° 18′ 40″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E296
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Unidentified religious activities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Pochon County MPS Office: 41° 31′ 39″ N, 128° 18′ 40″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E297
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Unidentified religious activities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Pochon County MPS Office: 41° 31′ 39″ N, 128° 18′ 40″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E303
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                No
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Senior Lieutenant (Sangwi)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                60-69

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The perpetrator (E303) is a male in his 60s and 178cm in height. The perpetrator was a senior lieutenant at Yonpungdong MPS Precinct and arrested E228 in 2011 after being informed that the victim was a shaman.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • E228
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E304
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arrest based on informant
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E305
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    60-69
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Kaechon Re-education Camp (No.1): 39° 42′ 30″ N, 125° 55′ 27″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E306
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E307
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Executed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Hyesan Airfield: 41° 22′ 41″ N, 128° 12′ 19″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E308
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              11-19
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Deprivation of medical assistance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Pukchong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 35″ N, 129° 59′ 11″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Onsong County MPS Detention Centre: 42° 59′ 7″ N, 129° 50′ 22″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E309
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Aug 25, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arrest based on informant
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • E292
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E312
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Aug 12, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Jun 9, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Tumen Border Detention Centre: 42° 59′ 7″ N, 129° 50′ 22″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Onsong County MPS Labour Training Centre: 42° 57′ 4″ N, 129° 58′ 46″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        North Hamgyong Provincial MPS Holding Centre: 41° 44′ 17″ N, 129° 43′ 22″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E313
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Sep 9, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        The perpetrator (E313) was a male. The perpetrator had attended a church in China and had later become an MSS informant. The perpetrator was assigned to E51 and their family. The perpetrator attempted to entrap E51 during an act of prayer. Certain information is withheld for the victim’s safety.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • E51
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E314
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Sep 9, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        60-69
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Ryanggang Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 41″ N, 128° 11′ 5″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E315
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E317
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sep 11, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Executed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E322
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Sep 16, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Samjiyon County Hospital: 41° 48′ 40″ N, 128° 19′ 1″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Kaechon Re-education Camp (No.1): 39° 42′ 30″ N, 125° 55′ 27″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Samjiyon County MSS Detention Centre: 41° 48′ 21″ N, 128° 19′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E336
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Sep 28, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        70-79
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Unidentified religious activities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Beating with fists or feet
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Deprivation of food
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E337
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Sep 28, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Aug 11, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Captain (Taewi)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            30-39

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            The perpetrator (E337) is a named male in his 30s in 2005. The perpetrator was a Captain stationed at North Pyongan Provincial MSS pre-trial detention centre. Certain information is withheld for the victim’s safety.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • E336
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E338
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Sep 28, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            11-19
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Beating with fists or feet
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • E337
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E340
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E341
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 40-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E342
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 40-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E343
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 40-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E344
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 40-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E345
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          0-10
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Other
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 0-19
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 40-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Musan County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 13′ 52″ N, 129° 12′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E346
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            0-10
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Other
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 0-19
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 40-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Musan County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 13′ 52″ N, 129° 12′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E347
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Other
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 0-19
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 40-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Musan County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 13′ 52″ N, 129° 12′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E348
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 12, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Deprivation of medical assistance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Forced abortion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Other North Korean organisation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • E10
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Hunchun Border Detention Centre: 42° 12′ 35″ N, 129° 45′ 14″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Chongori Re-education Camp (No.12): 42° 48′ 32″ N, 130° 11′ 60″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Kyongwon County Hospital: 42° 48′ 49″ N, 130° 12′ 2″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E349
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  30-39
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Beating with fists or feet
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Deprivation of sleep
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Needle poke under fingernails
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E350
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E351
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sep 9, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          70-79
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arrest based on informant
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E352
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Beating with fists or feet
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Deprivation of food
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Deprivation of medical assistance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Electrocution
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Forced genital examination
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Prolonged restraint
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Waterboarding
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E353
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Refoulement
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Changchun Chubei Penal Facility: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E354
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Jun 9, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Asphyxiation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Beating with fists or feet
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Beating with object
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Deprivation of food
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Deprivation of medical assistance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Deprivation of sleep
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Deprivation of use of a toilet
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Forced genital examination
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ingestion of polluted food
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Open bathrooms
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Prolonged restraint
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Repeated actions of standing and sitting
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Squat jumps
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Suspension
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Verbal abuse
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Hyesan City MPS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 44″ N, 128° 9′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Changchun Chubei Penal Facility: 41° 23′ 41″ N, 128° 11′ 5″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E355
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Hyesan City MSS Detention Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E356
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E357
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Dandong Border Detention Centre: 42° 26′ 16″ N, 129° 45′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      North Pyongan Provincial MPS Holding Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E358
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      20-29
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Positional torture
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Tumen Border Detention Centre: 42° 59′ 7″ N, 129° 50′ 22″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E359
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          20-29
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Positional torture
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Tumen Border Detention Centre: 42° 59′ 7″ N, 129° 50′ 22″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E360
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              20-29
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Positional torture
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Tumen Border Detention Centre: 42° 59′ 7″ N, 129° 50′ 22″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E361
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  20-29
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Positional torture
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Tumen Border Detention Centre: 42° 59′ 7″ N, 129° 50′ 22″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E362
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      11-19
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Positional torture
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Tumen Border Detention Centre: 42° 59′ 7″ N, 129° 50′ 22″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E363
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E364
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E365
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E366
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E367
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E368
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E369
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E370
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E371
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Other
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Death in custody
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Dandong Border Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E372
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Other
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Death in custody
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Dandong Border Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E373
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Other
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Death in custody
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Dandong Border Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E374
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Dandong Border Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E375
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Dandong Border Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E376
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Dandong Border Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E377
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Dandong Border Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E378
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Dandong Border Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E379
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Dandong Border Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E380
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Dandong Border Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E381
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Dandong Border Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E382
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Dandong Border Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E383
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Dandong Border Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E384
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Dandong Border Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E385
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E386
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Dandong Border Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E387
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Dandong Border Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E388
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Dandong Border Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E389
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Dandong Border Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E390
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Dandong Border Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E391
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Dandong Border Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E392
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Dandong Border Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E393
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Dandong Border Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E394
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E395
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Dandong Border Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E396
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Dandong Border Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E397
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Dandong Border Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E398
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Dandong Border Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E399
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Dandong Border Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E400
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              70-79
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Chongjin Susong Political Prison Camp (No.25): 41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E401
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  30-39
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Chongjin Susong Political Prison Camp (No.25): 41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E402
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chongjin Susong Political Prison Camp (No.25): 41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E403
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chongjin Susong Political Prison Camp (No.25): 41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E404
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Chongjin Susong Political Prison Camp (No.25): 41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E405
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Chongjin Susong Political Prison Camp (No.25): 41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E406
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chongjin Susong Political Prison Camp (No.25): 41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E407
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chongjin Susong Political Prison Camp (No.25): 41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E408
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Chongjin Susong Political Prison Camp (No.25): 41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E409
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Chongjin Susong Political Prison Camp (No.25): 41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E410
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chongjin Susong Political Prison Camp (No.25): 41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E411
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chongjin Susong Political Prison Camp (No.25): 41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E412
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Chongjin Susong Political Prison Camp (No.25): 41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E413
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Chongjin Susong Political Prison Camp (No.25): 41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E414
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chongjin Susong Political Prison Camp (No.25): 41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E415
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chongjin Susong Political Prison Camp (No.25): 41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E416
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Chongjin Susong Political Prison Camp (No.25): 41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E417
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Chongjin Susong Political Prison Camp (No.25): 41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E418
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Unidentified religious activities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Pochon County MPS Office: 41° 31′ 39″ N, 128° 18′ 40″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E419
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Unidentified religious activities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Pochon County MPS Office: 41° 31′ 39″ N, 128° 18′ 40″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              E420
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oct 14, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              30-39
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Unidentified religious activities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Ryanggang Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 41″ N, 128° 11′ 5″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E421
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E422
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      E423
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E424
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          E425
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E426
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E427
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E428
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E429
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E430
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E431
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E432
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Oct 15, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Withheld
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Unidentified religious activities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Right to Life
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Executed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E433
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Jun 8, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        40-49
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            North Pyongan Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 40° 5′ 38″ N, 124° 23′ 17″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Hyesan City MSS Detention Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E

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