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Ascom MSS Closed Detention Facility
Oct 15, 2021
May 30, 2022
Location
  • Ministry of State Security
Baishan Penal Facility
Aug 21, 2020
Oct 19, 2021
Location
  • Ministry of Public Security
Border Security Command
Oct 2, 2020
Jul 29, 2021
Organisation

Border Security Command is responsible for patrolling the northern border region. Guards may search and arrest individuals on the spot if there is a suspicion of their having crossed, or intending to cross, the border without authorisation. As far as cases related to religious freedom violations are concerned, these guards do not play a specialised role but have been documented as arresting and subjecting those who are caught in possession of Bibles to torture and cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment. Where there is a need for further investigation and processing of an individual after an arrest, suspects are handed over to other enforcement authorities by Border Security Command.

Chagang Provincial MPS Detention Centre
Oct 18, 2021
Oct 18, 2021
Location
  • Ministry of People's Security
Changbai Border Detention Centre
Aug 21, 2020
Oct 26, 2020
Location
  • Ministry of Public Security
41° 25′ 14″ N, 128° 11′ 21″ E
Changchun Chubei Penal Facility
Aug 21, 2020
Oct 19, 2021
Location
  • Ministry of Public Security
Chongjin City MPS Labour Training Centre
Aug 21, 2020
Oct 19, 2021
Location
  • Ministry of People's Security
Chongjin City MSS Detention Centre
Aug 21, 2020
Oct 19, 2021
Location
  • Ministry of State Security
41° 47′ 57″ N, 129° 46′ 34″ E
Chongjin City Sunam District MPS Precinct
Oct 18, 2021
May 30, 2022
Location
  • Ministry of People's Security
Chongjin City Sunam Market
Aug 21, 2020
Oct 19, 2021
Location
  • Other North Korean organisation
41° 47′ 24″ N, 129° 46′ 5″ E
Chongjin Susong Political Prison Camp (No.25)
Aug 21, 2020
May 30, 2022
Location
  • Ministry of State Security
41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
Chongori Re-education Camp (No.12)
Aug 21, 2020
Oct 19, 2021
Location
  • Ministry of People's Security
42° 12′ 35″ N, 129° 45′ 14″ E
Chonnae Re-education Camp
Aug 21, 2020
Oct 19, 2021
Location
  • Ministry of People's Security
Chungsan Re-education Camp (No.2)
Oct 18, 2021
Oct 19, 2021
Location
  • Ministry of People's Security
Dandong Border Detention Centre
Aug 21, 2020
May 30, 2022
Location
  • Ministry of Public Security
Dunhua City Public Security Bureau
Aug 21, 2020
Oct 26, 2020
Location
  • Ministry of Public Security
E1
Aug 12, 2020
Oct 25, 2021
Victim
Male
Unknown
  • Christianity
  • Contact with religious persons
  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
  • N/A
Executed
  • Ministry of People's Security
      Chongjin City Sunam Market: 41° 47′ 24″ N, 129° 46′ 5″ E
      E2
      Aug 12, 2020
      Jun 2, 2022
      Victim
      Female
      60-69
      • Christianity
      • Religious activities in China
      • Sharing religious beliefs
      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
      • N/A
      Transferred to further penal facility
      • Ministry of People's Security
      • Ministry of Public Security
          North Hamgyong Provincial MPS Holding Centre: 41° 44′ 17″ N, 129° 43′ 22″ E
          E3
          Aug 12, 2020
          Aug 11, 2021
          Perpetrator
          No
          North Korean
          Male
          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
          • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
          • Ministry of People's Security
          Private (Byongsa)
          30-39

          The perpetrator (E3) is a male aged in his 20s in 2004. He had a slim build and was 160cm tall. He wore 1 epaulet on one shoulder and 1 epaulet on the collar. Neither epaulet had a star. The perpetrator kicked E312 in the stomach and struck E312's body. He verbally abused E312 by calling her “Bitch” and used other sexually degrading verbal abuse. The perpetrator was witnessed by E312 physically and verbally assaulting other victims. Certain information is withheld for the victim’s safety.

          • E312
          North Hamgyong Provincial MPS Holding Centre: 41° 44′ 17″ N, 129° 43′ 22″ E
          E4
          Aug 12, 2020
          Oct 25, 2021
          Victim
          Male
          30-39
          • Christianity
          • Possessing religious items
          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
          • Denial of Fair Trial
          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
          • Denial of Right to Life
          • N/A
          Executed
          • Ministry of People's Security
          • E3
            Hyesan Market: 41° 23′ 56″ N, 128° 9′ 50″ E
            E5
            Aug 12, 2020
            Jun 2, 2022
            Victim
            Female
            Unknown
            • Christianity
            • Contact with religious persons
            • Religious activities in China
            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
            • N/A
            Detained
            • Ministry of State Security
                Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                E6
                Aug 12, 2020
                Jun 2, 2022
                Victim
                Female
                40-49
                • Christianity
                • Contact with religious persons
                • Possessing religious items
                • Religious activities in China
                • Sharing religious beliefs
                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                • N/A
                Unknown
                • Ministry of State Security
                    Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                    E8
                    Aug 12, 2020
                    Oct 25, 2021
                    Victim
                    Female
                    40-49
                    • Christianity
                    • Contact with religious persons
                    • Possessing religious items
                    • Sharing religious beliefs
                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                    • N/A
                    Unknown
                    • Ministry of Public Security
                    • Ministry of State Security
                        Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                        E9
                        Oct 13, 2020
                        Jun 2, 2022
                        Victim
                        Male
                        40-49
                        • Christianity
                        • Attending a place of worship
                        • Religious activities in China
                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                        • N/A
                        Unknown
                        • Ministry of State Security
                          Yes
                          • 40-59
                          6
                          E10
                          Aug 12, 2020
                          Aug 11, 2021
                          Perpetrator
                          Yes
                          North Korean
                          Male
                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                          • Forced Abortion
                          • Withheld
                          • Other North Korean organisation

                          The perpetrator (E10) is a named male doctor who induced an abortion of E348 in Kyongwon County Hospital at a named date in 2008. Certain information is withheld for the safety of the victim’s family.

                          • E348
                          Kyongwon County Hospital: 42° 48′ 32″ N, 130° 11′ 60″ E
                          E11
                          Aug 12, 2020
                          Jun 2, 2022
                          Victim
                          Male
                          50-59
                          • Christianity
                          • Attending a place of worship
                          • Religious practice
                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                          • N/A
                          Executed
                          • Ministry of People's Security
                              Chongori Re-education Camp (No.12): 42° 12′ 35″ N, 129° 45′ 14″ E
                              E12
                              Aug 25, 2020
                              Jun 2, 2022
                              Victim
                              Male
                              Unknown
                              • Christianity
                              • Religious activities in China
                              • Religious practice
                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                              • N/A
                              Unknown
                              • Ministry of State Security
                                  North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                  E13
                                  Aug 25, 2020
                                  Jun 2, 2022
                                  Victim
                                  Female
                                  30-39
                                  • Christianity
                                  • Religious practice
                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                  • N/A
                                  Unknown
                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                      E14
                                      Aug 25, 2020
                                      Jun 2, 2022
                                      Victim
                                      Male
                                      40-49
                                      • Christianity
                                      • Possessing religious items
                                      • Sharing religious beliefs
                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                      • N/A
                                      Unknown
                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                          Hyesan City MSS Detention Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                          Ryanggang Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 41″ N, 128° 11′ 5″ E
                                          E15
                                          Aug 25, 2020
                                          Aug 11, 2021
                                          Perpetrator
                                          Yes
                                          North Korean
                                          Male
                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                          • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                          • Other North Korean organisation
                                          50-59

                                          The perpetrator (E15) is a named male aged in his 50s in 2007. He was a ranking official at Ryanggang Provincial Prosecution Bureau and has since been promoted to a known rank in a known location. The perpetrator oversaw the interrogation of suspects suspected of shamanism and perpetrated violations against E448. The perpetrator conducted interrogations of E448 alone in a room between 01:00-02:00 for 15 days. When E448 denied an allegation, the perpetrator physically struck the victim and yanked their hair. Certain information is withheld for the safety of the victim’s family.

                                            Ryanggang Provincial Prosecution Office: 41° 23′ 56″ N, 128° 10′ 33″ E
                                            E16
                                            Aug 25, 2020
                                            May 30, 2022
                                            Perpetrator
                                            Yes
                                            North Korean
                                            Male
                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                            • Sexual Violence Including Rape
                                            • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                            • Withheld
                                            • Ministry of People's Security
                                            Captain (Taewi)
                                            40-49

                                            The perpetrator (E16) is a named male aged in his 40s in 2007. The perpetrator undertook sexual assault. The perpetrator was a ranking official at Ryanggang Provincial MPS detention centre. Certain information is withheld for the safety of the victim’s family.

                                              Ryanggang Provincial MPS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 45″ N, 128° 10′ 48″ E
                                              E17
                                              Aug 25, 2020
                                              Oct 25, 2021
                                              Victim
                                              Female
                                              Unknown
                                              • Christianity
                                              • Other
                                              • Religious activities in China
                                              • Sharing religious beliefs
                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                              • N/A
                                              Unknown
                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                  Ryanggang Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                                  E18
                                                  Oct 13, 2020
                                                  Oct 25, 2021
                                                  Victim
                                                  Male
                                                  0-10
                                                  • Christianity
                                                  • Religious practice
                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                  • N/A
                                                  Unknown
                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                    Yes
                                                    • Unknown
                                                    6
                                                    E19
                                                    Aug 25, 2020
                                                    Oct 25, 2021
                                                    Victim
                                                    Female
                                                    Unknown
                                                    • Shamanism
                                                    • Religious practice
                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                    • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                    • Forced abortion
                                                    Released from all facilities
                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                        E20
                                                        Aug 25, 2020
                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                        Victim
                                                        Female
                                                        11-19
                                                        • Shamanism
                                                        • Religious practice
                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                        • N/A
                                                        Unknown
                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                            Meeting Hall of the General Federation of Trade Unions of Korea: 39° 1′ 23″ N, 125° 46′ 41″ E
                                                            E22
                                                            Aug 25, 2020
                                                            Oct 25, 2021
                                                            Victim
                                                            Female
                                                            Unknown
                                                            • Christianity
                                                            • Other
                                                            • Unidentified religious activities
                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                            • N/A
                                                            Detained
                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                E23
                                                                Aug 25, 2020
                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                Victim
                                                                Withheld
                                                                Unknown
                                                                • Christianity
                                                                • Possessing religious items
                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                • N/A
                                                                Unknown
                                                                • Border Security Command
                                                                • E25
                                                                  E25
                                                                  Aug 26, 2020
                                                                  Oct 25, 2021
                                                                  Perpetrator
                                                                  Yes
                                                                  North Korean
                                                                  Male
                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                  • Border Security Command
                                                                  Unknown

                                                                  The perpetrator (E25) was a male. The perpetrator was a ranking official at Border Security Command and arrested E455. Certain information is withheld for the safety of the victim’s family.

                                                                  • E23
                                                                  E26
                                                                  Aug 26, 2020
                                                                  Jul 15, 2021
                                                                  Victim
                                                                  Female
                                                                  40-49
                                                                  • Shamanism
                                                                  • Religious practice
                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                  • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                  • Beating with fists or feet
                                                                  Unknown
                                                                  • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                  • E27
                                                                    Hyesan City MPS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 44″ N, 128° 9′ 52″ E
                                                                    E27
                                                                    Aug 26, 2020
                                                                    May 30, 2022
                                                                    Perpetrator
                                                                    Yes
                                                                    North Korean
                                                                    Male
                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                    • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                    Unknown

                                                                    The perpetrator (E27) is a named male. The perpetrator physically assaulted E26 at Hyesan City MPS detention centre in 2009. Certain information is withheld for the safety of the victim’s family.

                                                                    • E26
                                                                    Hyesan City MPS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 44″ N, 128° 9′ 52″ E
                                                                    E28
                                                                    Aug 26, 2020
                                                                    Oct 25, 2021
                                                                    Victim
                                                                    Male
                                                                    Unknown
                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                    • Possessing religious items
                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                    • N/A
                                                                    Unknown
                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                        E29
                                                                        Aug 26, 2020
                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                        Victim
                                                                        Male
                                                                        11-19
                                                                        • Christianity
                                                                        • Possessing religious items
                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                        • N/A
                                                                        Unknown
                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                            E30
                                                                            Aug 26, 2020
                                                                            Oct 25, 2021
                                                                            Victim
                                                                            Female
                                                                            Unknown
                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                            • Possessing religious items
                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                            • N/A
                                                                            Unknown
                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                E31
                                                                                Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                Victim
                                                                                Female
                                                                                60-69
                                                                                • Shamanism
                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                Released from all facilities
                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                  Yes
                                                                                    2
                                                                                    E32
                                                                                    Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                    Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                    Female
                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                    • Shamanism
                                                                                    • Possessing religious items
                                                                                    • Religious practice
                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                    Released from all facilities
                                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                        E33
                                                                                        Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                        Perpetrator
                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                        North Korean
                                                                                        Male
                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                        • Withheld
                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                        Unknown

                                                                                        The perpetrator (E33) is a named male. The perpetrator was a named MSS rank and conducted interrogations of persons suspected of religious practice at a named facility. Certain information is withheld for the safety of the victim’s family.

                                                                                        • E32
                                                                                        E34
                                                                                        Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                        Perpetrator
                                                                                        Yes
                                                                                        North Korean
                                                                                        Male
                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                        • Withheld
                                                                                        • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                        Unknown

                                                                                        The perpetrator (E34) is a named male. The perpetrator was a named MPS rank and conducted interrogations of persons suspected of religious practice at a named facility. Certain information is withheld for the safety of the victim’s family.

                                                                                        • E32
                                                                                        E35
                                                                                        Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                        Female
                                                                                        20-29
                                                                                        • Shamanism
                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                        • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                        • Beating with fists or feet
                                                                                        Unknown
                                                                                        • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                            E36
                                                                                            Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                            Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                            Male
                                                                                            50-59
                                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                                            • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                            • Other
                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                            Detained
                                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                Kimjongsuk (Sinpa) County MSS Office: 41° 24′ 55″ N, 127° 46′ 37″ E
                                                                                                E37
                                                                                                Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                Female
                                                                                                30-39
                                                                                                • Christianity
                                                                                                • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                Released from all facilities
                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                    E38
                                                                                                    Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                                    Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                    Male
                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                    • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                    • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                    Death in custody
                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                        E39
                                                                                                        Aug 26, 2020
                                                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                        Male
                                                                                                        40-49
                                                                                                        • Christianity
                                                                                                        • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                        Unknown
                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                            E42
                                                                                                            Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                            Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                            Female
                                                                                                            50-59
                                                                                                            • Shamanism
                                                                                                            • Religious practice
                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                            Released from all facilities
                                                                                                            • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                Samjiyon County MPS Detention Centre: 41° 48′ 21″ N, 128° 19′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                E43
                                                                                                                Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                Female
                                                                                                                50-59
                                                                                                                • Christianity
                                                                                                                • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                    Ryanggang Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                    E44
                                                                                                                    Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                    Jul 15, 2021
                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                    • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                    • Religious practice
                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                    • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                    • Beating with fists or feet
                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                        Ryanggang Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                        E45
                                                                                                                        Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                        Male
                                                                                                                        40-49
                                                                                                                        • Christianity
                                                                                                                        • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                        Executed
                                                                                                                        • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                            Samjiyon County Hospital: 41° 48′ 40″ N, 128° 19′ 1″ E
                                                                                                                            E46
                                                                                                                            Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                            Jul 15, 2021
                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                            Female
                                                                                                                            30-39
                                                                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                                                                            • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                            • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                            • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                            • Deprivation of medical assistance
                                                                                                                            Death in custody
                                                                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                Chongjin Susong Political Prison Camp (No.25): 41° 49′ 59″ N, 129° 43′ 49″ E
                                                                                                                                E47
                                                                                                                                Aug 27, 2020
                                                                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                Unknown
                                                                                                                                • Christianity
                                                                                                                                • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                • Denial of Right to Life
                                                                                                                                • Refoulement
                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                Executed
                                                                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                    E48
                                                                                                                                    Aug 30, 2020
                                                                                                                                    Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                                    • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                    • Sharing religious beliefs
                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                    Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                        Ryanggang Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                        E50
                                                                                                                                        Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                        Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                        Male
                                                                                                                                        30-39
                                                                                                                                        • Christianity
                                                                                                                                        • Arrest based on informant
                                                                                                                                        • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                        • Sharing religious beliefs
                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                        Death in custody
                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                            North Hamgyong Provincial MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 48″ N, 129° 47′ 54″ E
                                                                                                                                            E51
                                                                                                                                            Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                            Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                            Female
                                                                                                                                            60-69
                                                                                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                                                                                            • Arrest based on informant
                                                                                                                                            • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                                                            Deceased
                                                                                                                                            • Military Security Command
                                                                                                                                                E53
                                                                                                                                                Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                Female
                                                                                                                                                Unknown
                                                                                                                                                • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                    E54
                                                                                                                                                    Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                    Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                    • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                    Unknown
                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                        E55
                                                                                                                                                        Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                        Female
                                                                                                                                                        20-29
                                                                                                                                                        • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                        • Arrest based on informant
                                                                                                                                                        • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                        Unknown
                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                            E56
                                                                                                                                                            Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                            Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                            Female
                                                                                                                                                            60-69
                                                                                                                                                            • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                            • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                            • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                            • Prolonged restraint
                                                                                                                                                            Unknown
                                                                                                                                                            • Korean People's Army
                                                                                                                                                                E57
                                                                                                                                                                Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                50-59
                                                                                                                                                                • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                • Arrest based on informant
                                                                                                                                                                • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                Detained
                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                • E58
                                                                                                                                                                  Ryanggang Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                  E58
                                                                                                                                                                  Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                  Aug 11, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                  Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                  Yes
                                                                                                                                                                  North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                  Male
                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                  • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                  Unknown

                                                                                                                                                                  The perpetrator (E58) is a named male. The perpetrator was an MSS Guidance Officer at Ryanggang Provincial MSS holding centre. A known family member of the perpetrator was a Political Director in Taehongdan County, Ryanggang province. The perpetrator oversaw torture of prisoners. Certain information is withheld for the safety of the victim’s family.

                                                                                                                                                                  • E56
                                                                                                                                                                  Ryanggang Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                  E59
                                                                                                                                                                  Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                  Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                  Victim
                                                                                                                                                                  Male
                                                                                                                                                                  40-49
                                                                                                                                                                  • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                  • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                  • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                  • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                  • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                  Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                  • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                      Ryanggang Provincial MSS Holding Centre: 41° 24′ 14″ N, 128° 10′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                      E60
                                                                                                                                                                      Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                      Aug 11, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                      Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                      No
                                                                                                                                                                      North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                      Male
                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                      • Refoulement
                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                      Unknown

                                                                                                                                                                      The perpetrator (E60) was an MSS official at Onsong County MSS pre-trial detention centre. The perpetrator oversaw the interrogation of E353 in 2018 relating to their religious associations in China.

                                                                                                                                                                      • E353
                                                                                                                                                                      Onsong County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 57′ 34″ N, 129° 59′ 16″ E
                                                                                                                                                                      E61
                                                                                                                                                                      Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                      Jun 9, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                      Victim
                                                                                                                                                                      Female
                                                                                                                                                                      Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                      • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                      • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                      • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                      • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                      • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                      Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                      • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                          Hyesan City Chun-dong MPS Labour Training Centre: 41° 22′ 55″ N, 128° 10′ 24″ E
                                                                                                                                                                          Hyesan City MPS Detention Centre: 41° 23′ 44″ N, 128° 9′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                          E63
                                                                                                                                                                          Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                          Aug 11, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                          Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                          No
                                                                                                                                                                          North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                          Male
                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                          Colonel (Sangjwa)
                                                                                                                                                                          Unknown

                                                                                                                                                                          Certain details are withheld.

                                                                                                                                                                            E64
                                                                                                                                                                            Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                            Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                            Male
                                                                                                                                                                            Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                            • Possessing religious items
                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                            Detained
                                                                                                                                                                            • Korean People's Army
                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                E65
                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                60-69
                                                                                                                                                                                • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                    E66
                                                                                                                                                                                    Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                    Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                                                                    50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                    Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                        E67
                                                                                                                                                                                        Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                        Female
                                                                                                                                                                                        50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                        Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                            E68
                                                                                                                                                                                            Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                            Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                            Female
                                                                                                                                                                                            50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                            • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                            Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                E69
                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                    E70
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                    50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                        E71
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                        May 30, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                        No
                                                                                                                                                                                                        North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Fair Trial
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown

                                                                                                                                                                                                        The perpetrator (E71) is a male MPS Deputy Branch Director in Hyesan City in 2019. The perpetrator conducted the resident exposure meeting in Hyesan Square of E65, E66, E67, E68, E69, and E70 and announced their charges. Details are withheld for the victim’s safety.

                                                                                                                                                                                                        • E65
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • E66
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • E67
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • E68
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • E69
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • E70
                                                                                                                                                                                                        E73
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Oct 25, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                        No
                                                                                                                                                                                                        North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Korean People's Army
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown

                                                                                                                                                                                                        The perpetrator (E73) is a male. The perpetrator was an MSS official assigned to a KPA unit in Ryanggang province and later to a named position in Wonsan, Kangwon province. The perpetrator arrested 37 religious adherents.

                                                                                                                                                                                                          E74
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Unknown
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chongjin City MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 57″ N, 129° 46′ 34″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                              E75
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Aug 31, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                              May 30, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                              No
                                                                                                                                                                                                              North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Major (Sojwa)
                                                                                                                                                                                                              30-39

                                                                                                                                                                                                              The perpetrator (E75) is a male aged in his 30s in 2015. The perpetrator is an MSS official with the rank of Major. The perpetrator conducted interrogations of suspected Christians at Chongjin City MSS detention centre in 2015.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chongjin City MSS Detention Centre: 41° 47′ 57″ N, 129° 46′ 34″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                E76
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                30-39
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Refoulement
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Detained
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    12
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Musan County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 13′ 52″ N, 129° 12′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    E77
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    60-69
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Denial of Right to Life
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Deprivation of food
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Deprivation of medical assistance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Death in custody
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Musan County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 13′ 52″ N, 129° 12′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E78
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Aug 11, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        No
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Refoulement
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unknown

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        The perpetrator (E78) was a male and a Section Chief assigned to Musan County MSS Counterespionage Bureau. The perpetrator conducted the interrogations of E76 and E77.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • E76
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • E77
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Musan County MSS Detention Centre: 42° 13′ 52″ N, 129° 12′ 52″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        E79
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Jun 9, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Female
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        50-59
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Shamanism
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • N/A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Released from all facilities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Ministry of People's Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Musan County MPS Detention Centre: 42° 13′ 48″ N, 129° 13′ 8″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            E80
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Jun 2, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Victim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            30-39
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Christianity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Attending a place of worship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Contact with religious persons
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious activities in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Religious practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Refoulement
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Deprivation of food
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Death in custody
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of Public Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Changchun Chubei Penal Facility: 41° 23′ 41″ N, 128° 11′ 5″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E81
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 11, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Refoulement
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Major (Sojwa)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                40-49

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The perpetrator (E81) is a named male in his 40s in 2010 and is 175cm tall. The perpetrator interrogated E80 and was stationed at a known facility and promoted to a known position at a known and different facility in Kimjongsuk County. Certain information is withheld for the victim’s safety.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • E80
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Kimjongsuk (Sinpa) County MSS Office: 41° 24′ 55″ N, 127° 46′ 37″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E82
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Aug 11, 2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Major (Sojwa)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Unknown

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The perpetrator (E82) is a named male. The perpetrator interrogated E80 and was stationed at a known facility. Certain information is withheld for the victim’s safety.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • E80
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Kimjongsuk (Sinpa) County MSS Office: 41° 24′ 55″ N, 127° 46′ 37″ E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                E83
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sep 1, 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                May 30, 2022
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Perpetrator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Yes
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                North Korean
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Male
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Arbitrary Deprivation of Liberty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Denial of Freedom of Religion or Belief
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Torture or Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Ministry of State Security
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Lieutenant Colonel (Jungjwa)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                60-69

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The perpetrator (E83) is a named male aged in his 60s in 2012 and 170cm in height. The perpetrator was a Director at Kimjongsuk County MSS Branch with a rank of Lieutenant Colonel. The perpetrator oversaw the interrogation of E354 and E80. Certain information is withheld for the victim’s safety.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • E354
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • E80
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Kimjongsuk (Sinpa) County MSS Office: 41° 24′ 55″ N, 127° 46′ 37″ E

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